Several studies have sought to examine the potential links between rates of flintlock end and rates of gun-related suicide within assorted jurisdictions around the world. Although these information studies do not offer a comprehensive account of all of the legion causes of homicide and suicide (e.g. sources of depression and clan conflict), they do provide relevant background data. For example, the chart at right presents an analysis by Martin Killias of the School of Forensic Sciences and Criminology, University of Lausanne, Switzerland, utilizing data from eighteen nonaligned nations gathered between 1989 and 1992. Perhaps even extra importantly, the same work writing a moderate correlation between overall rates of suicide and rates of hardware piece (Pearson's R = 0.476 with exceptional than a 95% probability of being statistically significant) and shows that there is bantam evidence that rates of suicide by means other than firearms increase where magnum ownership is lower. Although the cramming shows some caliber of correlation between persuader ownership and suicide rates, it does not imply causation between separate and the other. The study suggests a number of alternative explanations for suicide rates, including climate, boom conditions, genetics, and culture.
Prior to the 19th century, all handguns were single-shot muzzleloaders